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Today's detectors allow scientists to observe cosmic particles with energies surpassing those obtained in particle accelerators, making of the universe a new laboratory for particle physicists.

We are finding that we are beginning to constrain some of our understandings and exclude some possibilities.

Julia Kempe couldn't bring herself to choose between physics and maths, nor between two graduate institutions. So she did two Ph.D.s at once in quantum computation.

His cultural identity has not caused any real hardships or put any of his professional goals out of reach, Bounceur feels.

Students are on a journey to discover who they are and what they can become.

In contrast to the mysterious forms of energy and matter she studies, the 33-year-old Verde radiates enthusiasm when talking about her work. "I never stop being amazed by it," she says.

Andronicos feels a tremendous amount of responsibility to help other minority students persevere and succeed in their studies.

"Nothing panned out for years, but [the techniques] did come to fruition. You have to make the investment." --Andrea Ghez

"Even if being back at a postdoc position was quite difficult," says Valentina Emiliani, "this was a necessary step."

The purpose of MS PHD'S is to increase the participation of underrepresented minorities in earth-system sciences.

“Our goal is to begin to influence the new crop of African academics that can then engage with colleagues here to develop long-lived collaborative relationships.”—Michael Adewumi

Although "the researcher is free to do whatever he wants," says Marché, "I will be working in a team, so I will necessarily get interested in their field of research."

Early-Stage Training fellowships offer Ph.D. researchers the opportunity to pursue specialised training for a period of 3 months to 3 years as part of their doctoral training.

A survey of the top 50 ranked physics departments in 2002 shows that of 1998 physics faculty members, there were 12 of identifiable African heritage.

The first step to realizing this vision, says Ridgway, is for students to take a basic geology class and find out what geologists actually do.

"It's our way to articulate not only the importance of integration of teaching and research but also to communicate that the Canadian community is really making great strides in science education as well as in scientific research," explains James Gentile, President of Research Corporation.

Although Williams had difficulties pursuing a career as a mathematical researcher, he urges young minorities to be persistent and never give up their dream.

By age 40, a mere 20% of astronomy PhDs have astronomy faculty jobs at universities (or scientific positions at observatories) in country …